In Dumas' method for estimation of nitrogen, 1mathrm~g of an organic compound gave 150mathrm~mL of nitrogen collected at 300mathrm~K temperature and 900mathrm~mmHg pressure. The percentage composition of nitrogen in the compound is _______ % (nearest integer). (Aqueous tension at 300mathrm~K = 15mathrm~mmHg)

Numerical Answer Type:
Enter a numerical value Answer: 20 to 20 +4 marks

Solution & Explanation

### Related Formula P_textdry N_2 = P_texttotal - P_textaqueous tension PV = nRT implies n = fracPVRT \% N = fractextMass of NitrogentextMass of Organic Compound times 100 ### Core Logic First, calculate the actual pressure exerted by the dry nitrogen gas: P_N_2 = 900 - 15 = 885mathrm~mmHg = frac885760mathrm~atm Convert volume data to liters: V = 150mathrm~mL = 0.15mathrm~L. Using the ideal gas law to determine the moles of N_2 collected: n = fracleft(frac885760right) times 0.150.0821 times 300 = frac1.1645 times 0.1524.63 approx 0.0071mathrm~moles Calculate the total mass of the liberated nitrogen gas: textMass = n times M_textmolar = 0.0071 times 28 = 0.1988mathrm~g Determine the percentage composition relative to the initial 1mathrm~g sample size: \% N = frac0.19881 times 100 = 19.88\% approx 20\% ### Pattern Recognition Always remember to subtract the aqueous tension value first. Failing to correct for water vapor pressure is the most common pitfall in Dumas' method calculations. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 11 Chemistry: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques

Reference Study Guides

More Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques Previous-Year Questions — Page 16

Q72 jee_main_2024_31_jan_morning Purification Methods
'Adsorption' principle is used for which of the following purification method?
  • A. textExtraction
  • B. textChromatography
  • C. textDistillation
  • D. textSublimation

Solution

### Core Logic The fundamental principle used in chromatography (such as column chromatography or thin-layer chromatography) is adsorption. Different components of a mixture are adsorbed to different extents on an adsorbent stationary phase. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 11 Chemistry: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
Q80 jee_main_2024_31_jan_morning Purification Methods
Match List I with List II
LIST-I (Technique)LIST-II (Application)
A. DistillationI. Separation of glycerol from spent-lye
B. Fractional distillationII. Aniline - Water mixture
C. Steam distillationIII. Separation of crude oil fractions
D. Distillation under reduced pressureIV. Chloroform-Aniline
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
  • A. textA-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
  • B. textA-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
  • C. textA-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
  • D. textA-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Solution

### Core Logic (A) Simple distillation is used to separate a mixture of miscible liquids with a sufficiently large difference in their boiling points, such as chloroform and aniline. (A rightarrow IV) (B) Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil fractions. (B rightarrow III) (C) Steam distillation is used to separate steam-volatile substances that are immiscible with water, like an aniline-water mixture. (C rightarrow II) (D) Distillation under reduced pressure is used for liquids that decompose at or below their normal boiling points, like separating glycerol from spent lye. (D rightarrow I) ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 11 Chemistry: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques

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