A particle is executing simple harmonic motion with time period 2s and amplitude 1 cm. If D and d are the total…

More Oscillations Previous-Year Questions — Page 3

Q12 jee_main_2025_28_jan_evening Simple Harmonic Motion

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Knowing initial position

x₀

and initial momentum

p₀

is enough to determine the position and momentum at any time

t

for a simple harmonic motion with a given angular frequency

ω

. Reason (R) : The amplitude and phase can be expressed in terms of

x₀

and

p₀

. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
B. (A) is false but (R) is true.
C. (A) is true but (R) is false.
D. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Solution

Related Formula

The general solution tracking position in SHM is given by :

x(t) = A (ω t + φ)

Momentum formula:

p(t) = m v(t) = m A ω (ω t + φ)

Core Logic

At $t = 0$ $t = 0$ :

$x₀ = A φ$ $x_0 = A \sin \phi$
$p₀ = m A ω φ$ $p_0 = m A \omega \cos \phi$

Dividing equation (1) by (2) reveals the phase \angle relationship :

φ = ((x₀)/(p₀)) m ω φ = ⁻¹((m ω x₀)/(p₀))

Squaring and combining both equations isolates amplitude $A$ $A$:

A = \sqrt((m ω x₀)² + p₀²)m ω

Since both amplitude $A$ $A$ and phase constant $φ$ $\phi$ are explicitly fixed by the initial conditions $x₀$ $x_0$ and $p₀$ $p_0$, the kinematic layout of the state space is completely specified for any future time parameter $t$ $t$. This validates that Reason (R) perfectly explains Assertion (A).

Pattern Recognition

SHM is a second-order differential equation. Any system of second-order equations requires exactly two independent boundary conditions (e.g., initial position and velocity/momentum) to completely specify unique path tracks.

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Physics: Oscillations

Q jee_main_2025_29_jan_morning Simple Pendulum

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Time period of a simple pendulum is longer at the top of a mountain than that at the base of the mountain. Reason (R) : Time period of a simple pendulum decreases with increasing value of acceleration due to gravity and vice-versa. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A. $Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).$
B. $Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).$
C. $(A) is true but (R) is false.$ $\text{(A) is true but (R) is false.}$
D. $(A) is false but (R) is true.$ $\text{(A) is false but (R) is true.}$

Solution

Related Formula

T = 2π\sqrt((l)/(g))

Core Logic

As altitude $h$ $h$ increases at the top of a mountain, acceleration due to gravity $g$ $g$ drops down according to :

g = (g₀ R²)/((R+h)²)

Since $T \propto 1\sqrt(g)$ $T \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{g}}$, a decreased $g$ $g$ directly makes the time period $T$ $T$ longer

Pattern Recognition

Higher altitude $\implies$ smaller gravity field $\implies$ slower pendulum oscillations $\implies$ longer period

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Physics: Oscillations Class 11 Physics: Gravitation

Q jee_main_2024_29_january_evening Simple Harmonic Motion

A simple harmonic oscillator has an amplitude

A

and time period

6π

second. Assuming the oscillation starts from its mean position, the time required by it to travel from

x = A

x = \sqrt(3)2A

will be

(π)/(x)

s, where

x =

________.

Numerical Answer. Answer: 2 to 2

Solution

Related Formula

For a simple harmonic oscillator starting from the mean position at $t = 0$ $t = 0$:

x(t) = A (ω t)

where $ω = (2π)/(T)$ $\omega = \frac{2\pi}{T}$ is the angular frequency.

Core Logic

Given:

Time period, $T = 6π s ω = (2π)/(6π) = (1)/(3) rad/s$

We need to find the time taken to travel from $x = A$ $x = A$ to $x = \sqrt(3)2A$ $x = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}A$. Let's calculate the times from the mean position ( $x=0$ $x=0$) to both positions:

Time $t₁$ $t_1$ to reach $x = A$ $x = A$:

A = A (ω t₁) (ω t₁) = 1 ω t₁ = (π)/(2)

Time $t₂$ $t_2$ to reach $x = \sqrt(3)2A$ $x = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}A$:

\sqrt(3)2A = A (ω t₂) (ω t₂) = \sqrt(3)2 ω t₂ = (π)/(3)

Step 1: Calculate the Time Difference

The time required to travel between these two points is:

Δ t = t₁ - t₂ = (π/2)/(ω) - (π/3)/(ω) = (π)/(6ω)

Substitute $ω = (1)/(3)$ $\omega = \frac{1}{3}$:

Δ t = (π)/(6 \times (1/3)) = (π)/(2) seconds

Comparing this to $(π)/(x) s$ $\frac{\pi}{x}\text{ s}$, we find:

$x = 2$ $x = 2$

Phasor diagram for SHM positions for Q55

Pattern Recognition

Alternatively, using a phasor diagram, the angle swept in moving from $A$ $A$ to $\sqrt(3)2A$ $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}A$ is $φ = (π)/(6)$ $\phi = \frac{\pi}{6}$. Therefore, $Δ t = (φ)/(ω) = (π/6)/(1/3) = (π)/(2)$ s.

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Physics: Oscillations

Q57 jee_main_2024_27_jan_morning Velocity in Simple Harmonic Motion

A particle executes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of

4 cm

. At the mean position, the velocity of the particle is

10 cm/s

. The distance of the particle from the mean position when its speed becomes

5 cm/s

\sqrt(α) cm

, where

α =

______.

Numerical Answer. Answer: 12 to 12

Solution

Related Formula

vmax = Aω

v = ω \sqrt(A² - x²)

Core Logic

From the mean position maximum criteria ( $vmax = 10 cm/s$ $v_{\text{max}} = 10\text{ cm/s}$, $A = 4 cm$ $A = 4\text{ cm}$):

10 = 4ω ω = (10)/(4) = (5)/(2) rad/s

Step 1: Substitute parameters into speed equation

Set the target speed $v = 5 cm/s$ $v = 5\text{ cm/s}$:

5 = (5)/(2) \sqrt(4² - x²)

2 = \sqrt(16 - x²)

Squaring both sides:

4 = 16 - x² x² = 12 x = \sqrt(12) cm

Step 2: Compare to target format

Comparing $\sqrt(12)$ $\sqrt{12}$ to $\sqrt(α)$ $\sqrt{\alpha}$ directly shows:

$α = 12$ $\alpha = 12$

Pattern Recognition

Halving the peak harmonic velocity maps spatial points directly to $\sqrt(3)2A$ $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}A$ values through standard trigonometric projection balances.

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Physics: Oscillations

A particle is executing simple harmonic motion with time period 2s and amplitude 1 cm. If D and d are the total distance and displacement covered by the particle in 12.5 s, then (D)/(d)$\frac{D}{d}$ is:-

Solution & Explanation

Related Formula

Core Logic

Step 1: Evaluation of Distance and Displacement

Pattern Recognition

Chapter Mix

Reference Study Guides

More Oscillations Previous-Year Questions — Page 3

Solution

Related Formula

Core Logic

Pattern Recognition

Chapter Mix

Solution

Related Formula

Core Logic

Pattern Recognition

Chapter Mix

Solution

Related Formula

Core Logic

Step 1: Calculate the Time Difference

Pattern Recognition

Chapter Mix

Solution

Related Formula

Core Logic

Step 1: Substitute parameters into speed equation

Step 2: Compare to target format

Pattern Recognition

Chapter Mix

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A particle is executing simple harmonic motion with time period 2s and amplitude 1 cm. If D and d are the total distance and displacement covered by the particle in 12.5 s, then $(D)/(d)$ $\frac{D}{d}$ is:-