In humans, respiration occurs in the following steps. Arrange these steps in the correct order. A. Diffusion of O₂$O_{2}$ and CO₂$CO_{2}$ between blood and tissues B. Diffusion of O₂$O_{2}$ and CO₂$CO_{2}$ across alveolar membrane C. Pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in and CO₂$CO_{2}$ rich alveolar air is released out D. Cellular respiration E. Transport of gases by the blood Choose the correct answer from the options given below

Core Logic

From standard human respiratory volumes:

• Tidal Volume (TV) is the volume of air inspired/expired during normal respiration = approx. 500 mL$500 \text{ mL}$ (D-II).
• Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) is the extra air a person can inspire forcefully = 2500 - 3000 mL$2500 - 3000 \text{ mL}$ (C-I).
• Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) is the extra air a person can expire forcefully = 1000 - 1100 mL$1000 - 1100 \text{ mL}$ (A-III).
• Residual Volume (RV) is the air remaining in the lungs even after forceful expiration = 1100 - 1200 mL$1100 - 1200 \text{ mL}$ (B-IV).

Step 1: Final Conclusion

The correct matches are A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

Pattern Recognition

TV is the smallest base volume (500 mL$500 \text{ mL}$). Connecting D to II instantly narrows the choices down. IRV is the largest (2500 - 3000 mL$2500 - 3000 \text{ mL}$). Connecting C to I leaves only one valid option.

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Biology: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Core Logic

(A) Molluscs arrow$\rightarrow$ (II) Perform branchial respiration by using feather-like gills. (B) Reptiles arrow$\rightarrow$ (I) Perform pulmonary respiration only via lungs. (C) Adult amphibians arrow$\rightarrow$ (IV) Perform pulmonary and cutaneous respiration via lungs and moist skin, respectively. (D) Amoeba arrow$\rightarrow$ (III) Performs cellular respiration across its body surface to generate ATP for survival.

Step 1: Final Conclusion

Thus, the matching is (A) - II, (B) - I, (C) - IV, (D) - III.

Pattern Recognition

Adult amphibians exhibit dual modes of respiration (lungs and skin). Reptiles only use lungs. Aquatic molluscs use gills (branchial).

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Biology: Breathing and Exchange of Gases Class 11 Biology: Animal Kingdom