In which one of the following, the ovules are not enclosed by an ovary wall and remain exposed?

Core Logic

Gymnosperms are plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after fertilization.

Looking at the options:

• Pinus is a gymnosperm (naked seeds).
• Funaria is a moss (Bryophyte, has archegonia, no ovules).
• Selaginella is a pteridophyte (has archegonia, no true ovules).
• Wolffia is an angiosperm (ovules enclosed in ovary).

Step 1: Final Conclusion

Pinus fits the description of having exposed ovules.

Pattern Recognition

"Naked ovules / Exposed ovules" is the classic defining trait of Gymnosperms. Pinus and Cycas are the most common examples.

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Biology: Plant Kingdom