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Equilibrium appeared 36 times across 3 years — 4.2% of Chemistry. This question is from Precipitation and pH Dependence.

Year 2026 2025 2024 Total
Questions 10 18 8 36

Consider two Group IV metal ions X²⁺ and Y²⁺. A solution containing 0.01 M X²⁺ and 0.01 M Y²⁺ is saturated with H₂S. The pH at which the metal sulphide YS will form as a precipitate is ____ (Nearest integer) (Given : Kₛₚ(XS) = 1 × 10⁻²² at 25°C, Kₛₚ(YS) = 4 × 10⁻¹⁶ at 25°C, [H₂S] = 0.1 M in solution, Kₐ₁ × Kₐ₂(H₂S) = 1.0 × 10⁻²¹, 2 = 0.30, 3 = 0.48, 5 = 0.70)

Numerical Answer Type:
Enter a numerical value Answer: 4 to 4 +4 marks

Solution & Explanation

Related Formula
For precipitation: [M²⁺][S²⁻] ≥ Kₛₚ [S²⁻] = Kₐ₁ · Kₐ₂ · [H₂S][H^+]²
Core Logic

For precipitation of YS(s): [Y²⁺][S²⁻] ≥ Kₛₚ(YS) [S²⁻] ≥ 4 × 10⁻¹⁶0.01 = 4 × 10⁻¹⁴ M

Since H₂S dissociates in water: H₂S leftharpoons 2H^+ + S²⁻ [S²⁻][H^+]²[H₂S] = Kₐ₁ × Kₐ₂ = 1.0 × 10⁻²¹

Substitute the [S²⁻] threshold: [S²⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻²¹ × [H₂S][H^+]² ≥ 4 × 10⁻¹⁴

Step 1: Calculate pH

Using [H₂S] = 0.1 M: 10⁻²¹ × 0.1[H^+]² = 4 × 10⁻¹⁴ 10⁻²²[H^+]² = 4 × 10⁻¹⁴ [H^+]² = 10⁻²²4 × 10⁻¹⁴ = (1)/(4) × 10⁻⁸ = 0.25 × 10⁻⁸ = 25 × 10⁻¹⁰ [H^+] = 5 × 10⁻⁵ M

pH = - (5 × 10⁻⁵) = 5 - 5 = 5 - 0.70 = 4.3 Rounding to the nearest integer, pH ≈ 4.

Pattern Recognition

Equating the S²⁻ concentration required for Kₛₚ with the S²⁻ provided by the H₂S equilibrium directly links solubility product to pH.

Chapter Mix

Class 11 Chemistry: Equilibrium Class 12 Chemistry: Qualitative Analysis

Reference Study Guides

More Equilibrium Previous-Year Questions — Page 8

Q62 jee_main_2024_31_jan_morning Equilibrium Constant
For the given reaction, choose the correct expression of KC from the following :- Fe(aq)³⁺ + SCN(aq)⁻ leftharpoons (FeSCN)(aq)²⁺
  • A. KC = [FeSCN²⁺][Fe³⁺][SCN⁻]
  • B. KC = [Fe³⁺][SCN⁻][FeSCN²⁺]
  • C. KC = [FeSCN²⁺][Fe³⁺]²[SCN⁻]²
  • D. KC = [FeSCN²⁺]²[Fe³⁺][SCN⁻]

Solution

Related Formula
KC = [Products][Reactants]
Core Logic
KC = Products ion conc.Reactants ion conc. KC = [FeSCN²⁺][Fe³⁺][SCN⁻]
Chapter Mix

Class 11 Chemistry: Equilibrium

More Equilibrium Questions — jee_main_2026_24_january_morning

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