Solution
Related Formula
xⁿ - yⁿ = (x - y)(xⁿ⁻¹ + xⁿ⁻²y + + yⁿ⁻¹) Sum of infinite G.P.: S_∞ = (a)/(1 - r)Core Logic
Let a = (4)/(7) and b = (1)/(3).
The series given is:
(b + a) + (b² + ab + a²) + (b³ + b²a + ba² + a³) +Multiply and divide the entire expression by (a - b):
S = (1)/(a - b) [ (a² - b²) + (a³ - b³) + (a⁴ - b⁴) + ]Step 1: Splitting into Two Infinite G.P.s
Separate the series into terms of a and terms of b:
S = (1)/(a - b) [ (a² + a³ + a⁴ + ) - (b² + b³ + b⁴ + ) ]These are two infinite geometric progressions. The first term for series a is a² with ratio a, and for series b is b² with ratio b.
S = (1)/(a - b) [ (a²)/(1 - a) - (b²)/(1 - b) ]Step 2: Value Substitution
Calculate (a - b):
a - b = (4)/(7) - (1)/(3) = (12 - 7)/(21) = (5)/(21)Now substitute the values into the formula:
S = (21)/(5) [ ((16)/(49))/(1 - (4)/(7)) - ((1)/(9))/(1 - (1)/(3)) ] S = (21)/(5) [ ((16)/(49))/((3)/(7)) - ((1)/(9))/((2)/(3)) ] = (21)/(5) [ (16)/(21) - (1)/(6) ]Step 3: Final Arithmetic
(16)/(21) - (1)/(6) = (96 - 21)/(126) = (75)/(126)Multiply with the outer factor:
S = (21)/(5) × (75)/(126) = (21)/(5) × (25)/(42) = (25)/(5 × 2) = (5)/(2)Pattern Recognition
Homogeneous polynomials of degree 1, 2, 3 inside a sum instantly cry out to be multiplied by the difference of their bases (x-y) to telescope into differences of pure powers xⁿ - yⁿ.
Chapter Mix
Class 11 Maths: Sequences and Series