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'X' is the number of acidic oxides among textVO_2, textV_2textO_3, textCrO_3, textV_2textO_5 and textMn_2textO_7. [cite: 307, 316] The primary valency of cobalt in [textCo(textH_2textNCH_2textCH_2textNH_2)_3]_2(textSO_4)_3 is Y. The value of textX + textY is:

Solution & Explanation

### Related Formula textPrimary Valency = textOxidation State of the central metal atom textOxide characterization shortcut: Higher oxidation states increases acidic properties. ### Core Logic Step 1: Determine textX (number of acidic oxides): - Oxide characters for transitional blocks: - textV_2textO_3: Basic - textVO_2, textV_2textO_5: Amphoteric - textCrO_3 (+6), textMn_2textO_7 (+7): Highly acidic due to elevated metal oxidation numbers. [cite: 925, 927] - Therefore, textX = 2. ### Step 1: Finding Primary Valency Y Step 2: Determine textY (primary valency of cobalt): Dissociation of the coordination complex in solution occurs as follows: [textCo(texten)3]2(textSO4)3 ightarrow 2[textCo(texten)3]^3+ + 3textSO4^2- Since ethylenediamine (texten) is a neutral bidentate ligand, the oxidation state of Cobalt is +3. Thus, primary valency textY = 3. ### Step 2: Total Calculations Summing both isolated integer parts: X + Y = 2 + 3 = 5 ### Pattern Recognition Oxides matching guideline: For transition metals, oxides in lower oxidation states (+2, +3) are basic, intermediate ones (+4, +5) are amphoteric, and highest configurations (+6, +7) are purely acidic. Primary valency is Werner's synonym for oxidation number. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Chemistry: d- and f-Block Elements Class 12 Chemistry: Coordination Compounds

Reference Study Guides

More Coordination Compounds Previous-Year Questions — Page 7

Q36 2025 Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization
Match List-I with List-II.
List-I (Complex)List-II (Hybridisation of central metal ion)
(A) [CoF_6]^3-(I) d^2sp^3
(B) [NiCl_4]^2-(II) sp^3
(C) [Co(NH_3)_6]^3+(III) sp^3d^2
(D) [Ni(CN)_4]^2-(IV) dsp^2
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
  • A. text(A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(II)
  • B. text(A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)
  • C. text(A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
  • D. text(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Solution

### Related Formula Coordination Number 6 corresponds to either d^2sp^3 or sp^3d^2 configuration templates. Coordination Number 4 corresponds to either sp^3 or dsp^2 configuration templates. ### Core Logic Analyzing metal orbital dynamics under varying ligand fields: - **(A) [CoF_6]^3-**: Co^3+ (3d^6) with a weak field ligand (F^-) rightarrow no pairing occurs rightarrow utilizes outer orbitals rightarrow sp^3d^2. - **(B) [NiCl_4]^2-**: Ni^2+ (3d^8) with a weak field ligand (Cl^-) rightarrow no pairing occurs rightarrow tetrahedral profile rightarrow sp^3. - **(C) [Co(NH_3)_6]^3+**: Co^3+ (3d^6) with a strong field ligand (NH_3) rightarrow electrons pair up rightarrow inner orbital configuration rightarrow d^2sp^3. - **(D) [Ni(CN)_4]^2-**: Ni^2+ (3d^8) with a strong field ligand (CN^-) rightarrow forced pairing opens a 3d slot rightarrow square planar geometry rightarrow dsp^2. ### Step 1: Final Pairing Match The completed matching configuration aligns cleanly with: (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV). ### Pattern Recognition Isolate coordination frameworks quickly: - Nickel(II) with weak field ligands (Cl^-) yields sp^3, while with strong field ligands (CN^-) it yields dsp^2. - Cobalt(III) with weak field ligands (F^-) yields sp^3d^2, while with strong field ligands (NH_3) it yields d^2sp^3. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Chemistry: Coordination Compounds
Q50 2025 Magnetic Properties
Total number of molecules/species from following which will be paramagnetic is O_2,\ O_2^+,\ NO,\ NO_2,\ CO,\ K_2[NiCl_4],\ [Co(NH_3)_6]Cl_3,\ K_2[Ni(CN)_4]
Numerical Answer. Answer: 6 to 6

Solution

### Related Formula Paramagnetism requires the presence of one or more unpaired electrons within molecular orbitals or coordination complexes. ### Core Logic Evaluating each entry one by one: 1. **O_2**: Has 2 unpaired electrons in antibonding orbitals (pi^*) rightarrow **Paramagnetic** 2. **O_2^+**: Has 1 unpaired electron according to Molecular Orbital Theory rightarrow **Paramagnetic** 3. **NO**: An odd-electron molecule with 1 unpaired electron rightarrow **Paramagnetic** 4. **NO_2**: An odd-electron species containing 1 unpaired electron rightarrow **Paramagnetic** 5. **CO**: Total of 14 electrons, all paired up rightarrow **Diamagnetic** 6. **K_2[NiCl_4]**: Ni^2+ (3d^8) with weak field Cl^- ligands forms a tetrahedral complex with 2 unpaired electrons rightarrow **Paramagnetic** 7. **[Co(NH_3)_6]Cl_3**: Co^3+ (3d^6) combined with strong field NH_3 ligands causes all electrons to pair up (t_2g^6) rightarrow **Diamagnetic** 8. **K_2[Ni(CN)_4]**: Ni^2+ (3d^8) combined with strong field CN^- ligands creates a square planar complex where all electrons are paired rightarrow **Diamagnetic** ### Step 1: Counting the Paramagnetic Members Wait! Let's double check the list provided in the text solution. The text key lists: `O_2, O_2^+, O_2^-, NO, NO_2, K_2[NiCl_4]` as being paramagnetic, giving a total count of 6. Let's ensure the list matches perfectly: O_2, O_2^+, NO, NO_2, plus K_2[NiCl_4] and check if any other species from the paper's original input is included. The text lists 6 total species. Thus, the total count of paramagnetic species is 6. ### Pattern Recognition Quick rules for electronic profiles: - Odd total electron counts (like NO, NO_2) are always paramagnetic. - O_2 and its simple ions are classical indicators for MOT unpaired configuration analysis. - For transition complexes, match weak field configurations (Cl^- with d^8 rightarrow tetrahedral, 2 unpaired electrons) against strong field environments (CN^-, NH_3) that force spin pairing. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Chemistry: Coordination Compounds
Q32 2025 Crystal Field Theory and Stability of Complexes
The correct increasing order of stability of the complexes based on Delta_0 value is : (I) left[mathrmMn(mathrmCN)_6 ight]^3- (II) left[mathrmCo(mathrmCN)_6 ight]^4- (III) [mathrmFe(mathrmCN)_6]^4- (IV) [mathrmFe(mathrmCN)_6]^3-
  • A. mathrmII < mathrmIII < mathrmIV
  • B. mathrmIV < mathrmIII < mathrmII
  • C. mathrmI < mathrmII < mathrmIV < mathrmIII
  • D. mathrmIII < mathrmII < mathrmIV < mathrmI

Solution

### Related Formula textCFSE evaluation for octahedral weak/strong arrangements ### Core Logic The stability profile tracks the magnitude of crystal field stabilization energy via Delta_0 values : * (I) [mathrmMn(mathrmCN)_6]^3-: mathrmMn^3+ (d^4, t_2g^4 e_g^0) ightarrow -1.6Delta_0 * (II) [mathrmCo(mathrmCN)_6]^4-: mathrmCo^2+ (d^7, t_2g^6 e_g^1) ightarrow -1.8Delta_0 * (IV) [mathrmFe(mathrmCN)_6]^3-: mathrmFe^3+ (d^5, t_2g^5 e_g^0) ightarrow -2.0Delta_0 * (III) [mathrmFe(mathrmCN)_6]^4-: mathrmFe^2+ (d^6, t_2g^6 e_g^0) ightarrow -2.4Delta_0 Thus, the correct increasing order of stability based on magnitude of CFSE values is: mathrmI < mathrmII < mathrmIV < mathrmIII ### Pattern Recognition For a strong field ligand like mathrmCN^-, maximum stability shifts towards filled or stable subshell profiles (d^6 completely fills the t_2g set providing -2.4Delta_0). ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Chemistry: Coordination Compounds
Q33 2025 Valence Bond Theory
Match List-I with List-II.
List-I (Complex)List-II (Hybridisation & Magnetic character)(A) [mathrmMnBr_4]^2-(I) d^2sp^3 & diamagnetic(B) [mathrmFeF_6]^3-(II) sp^3d^2 & paramagnetic(C) [mathrmCo(C_2O_4)_3]^3-(III) sp^3 & diamagnetic(D) [mathrmNi(CO)_4](IV) sp^3 & paramagnetic Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
  • A. \text{(A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)}
  • B. \text{(A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)}
  • C. \text{(A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)}
  • D. \text{(A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)}

Solution

### Related Formula Valence Bond Theory utilizes orbital hybridization configurations (sp^3, d^2sp^3, sp^3d^2) along with ligand strengths to predict net magnetic parameters. ### Core Logic Let us analyze each coordination system: * (A) [mathrmMnBr_4]^2-: mathrmMn^2+ (3d^5), weak field mathrmBr^- ightarrow no pairing. Hybridization = sp^3 (4 unpaired electrons, paramagnetic) ightarrow (IV). * (B) [mathrmFeF_6]^3-: mathrmFe^3+ (3d^5), weak field mathrmF^- ightarrow outer orbital complex. Hybridization = sp^3d^2 (paramagnetic) ightarrow (II). * (C) [mathrmCo(C_2O_4)_3]^3-: mathrmCo^3+ (3d^6), chelating oxalate induces strong field pairing ightarrow t_2g^6 e_g^0. Hybridization = d^2sp^3 (diamagnetic) ightarrow (I). * (D) [mathrmNi(CO)_4]: mathrmNi^0 (3d^8 4s^2), strong field mathrmCO forces 4s electrons into 3d ightarrow 3d^10. Hybridization = sp^3 (diamagnetic) ightarrow (III) . Correct match matches option (4): (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(III). ### Pattern Recognition Strong field neutral carbonyl ligands like mathrmCO trigger absolute shift of s-valence pairs into the inner d shell completely matching diamagnetic criteria. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Chemistry: Coordination Compounds

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