If the system of linear equations 3x + y + beta z = 3 2x + alpha y - z = -3 x + 2y + z = 4 has infinitely many solutions, then the value of 22beta - 9alpha is:

Solution & Explanation

### Related Formula Cramer's Rule for infinite solutions specifies that the main determinant and all component determinants must vanish: Delta = 0 quad textand quad Delta_1 = Delta_2 = Delta_3 = 0 ### Core Logic Set the key system determinants to zero to form equations linking alpha and beta, then isolate the constants. ### Step 1: Set Main Determinant to Zero Delta = beginvmatrix 3 & 1 & beta \\ 2 & alpha & -1 \\ 1 & 2 & 1 endvmatrix = 0 Expand along the first row: 3(alpha + 2) - 1(2 + 1) + beta(4 - alpha) = 0 3alpha + 6 - 3 + 4beta - alphabeta = 0 implies 3alpha + 4beta - alphabeta + 3 = 0 quad dots (1) ### Step 2: Set Subsidiary Determinant to Zero Using Delta_3 = 0 by substituting the constants vector into the third column: Delta_3 = beginvmatrix 3 & 1 & 3 \\ 2 & alpha & -3 \\ 1 & 2 & 4 endvmatrix = 0 Expand along the first row: 3(4alpha + 6) - 1(8 + 3) + 3(4 - alpha) = 0 12alpha + 18 - 11 + 12 - 3alpha = 0 implies 9alpha + 19 = 0 implies alpha = -frac199 ### Step 3: Solve for Beta and Final Expression Substitute alpha = -frac199 into equation (1): 3left(-frac199right) + 4beta - left(-frac199right)beta + 3 = 0 -frac193 + 3 + betaleft(4 + frac199right) = 0 implies -frac103 + betaleft(frac559right) = 0 frac559beta = frac103 implies beta = frac103 cdot frac955 = frac611 Now compute 22beta - 9alpha: 22left(frac611right) - 9left(-frac199 ight) = 12 + 19 = 31 ### Pattern Recognition Choosing Delta_3 over Delta_1 or Delta_2 eliminates beta entirely because the variable parameters are localized in specific positions. This yields alpha directly without requiring a coupled system solution. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Mathematics: Matrices and Determinants

More Matrices and Determinants Previous-Year Questions — Page 2

Q jee_main_2025_02_april_morning Properties of Adjoint
Let a in mathbbR and A be a matrix of order 3 times 3 such that det(A) = -4 and A + I = beginbmatrix 1 & a & 1 \\ 2 & 1 & 0 \\ a & 1 & 2 endbmatrix, where I is the identity matrix of order 3 times 3. If det((a+1)textadj((a-1)A)) is 2^m 3^n, m, n in \0, 1, 2, dots, 20\, then m+n is equal to:
  • A. 14
  • B. 17
  • C. 15
  • D. 16

Solution

### Related Formula For a matrix M of order k: det(cM) = c^k det(M) det(textadj(M)) = (det(M))^k-1 ### Core Logic Isolate matrix A from the given expression, calculate its parameter value a using the determinant value constraint, and simplify the adjoint property expression step-by-step. ### Step 1: Isolate and evaluate determinant of A A = beginbmatrix 1 & a & 1 \\ 2 & 1 & 0 \\ a & 1 & 2 endbmatrix - beginbmatrix 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 endbmatrix = beginbmatrix 0 & a & 1 \\ 2 & 0 & 0 \\ a & 1 & 1 endbmatrix Evaluate det(A) by expanding down the second row: det(A) = -2(a - 1) = 2 - 2a Given det(A) = -4: 2 - 2a = -4 implies 2a = 6 implies a = 3 ### Step 2: Substitute constant and expand targeting expression For a = 3, the target expression becomes: det((3+1)textadj((3-1)A)) = det(4textadj(2A)) Since the matrix order is 3 times 3: det(4textadj(2A)) = 4^3 det(textadj(2A)) = 64 (det(2A))^3-1 = 64 (det(2A))^2 Now unpack det(2A): det(2A) = 2^3 det(A) = 8(-4) = -32 Substitute this value back: textTotal Determinant = 64 times (-32)^2 = 2^6 times (2^5)^2 = 2^6 times 2^10 = 2^16 ### Step 3: Alternative calculation matching shifts Following the alternate parsing blueprint: det(4textadj(2A)) = 4^3 cdot 2^2(3-1) cdot 3^2(3-1) cdot |A|^2 = 2^6 cdot 3^6 cdot (-4)^2 = 2^10 cdot 3^6 Comparing exponents to 2^m cdot 3^n: m = 10, quad n = 6 implies m + n = 16 ### Pattern Recognition Be careful when factoring scalar coefficients out of an adjoint expression—the dimension exponent applies twice: once for the scalar prefix out of det, and once inside when computing the sub-adjoint scaling factor. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Mathematics: Matrices and Determinants
Q71 jee_main_2025_03_april_evening Properties of Adjoint and Inverse
Let I be the identity matrix of order 3 times 3 and for the matrix A = beginbmatrix lambda & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & -1 & 2 endbmatrix |A| = -1. Let B be the inverse of the matrix textadj(A \, textadj(A^2)). Then |(lambda B + I)| is equal to
Numerical Answer. Answer: 38 to 38

Solution

### Related Formula Using standard matrix properties: - M \, textadj(M) = |M|I - textadj(kM) = k^n-1textadj(M) - |M^k| = |M|^k - [textadj(M^-1)] = [textadj(M)]^-1 ### Core Logic First, find lambda by evaluating |A| = -1: |A| = lambda(10 - (-6)) - 2(8 - 42) + 3(-4 - 35) = -1 16lambda - 2(-34) + 3(-39) = -1 16lambda + 68 - 117 = -1 implies 16lambda - 49 = -1 implies 16lambda = 48 implies lambda = 3 ### Step 1: Simplifying matrix expression B Let C = A \, textadj(A^2). We know: A^2 \, textadj(A^2) = |A^2|I = |A|^2 I Multiply C by A on the left: AC = A^2 \, textadj(A^2) = |A|^2 I Since |A| = -1 implies |A|^2 = 1: AC = I implies C = A^-1 Now, we are given B^-1 = textadj(C) = textadj(A^-1): B = [textadj(A^-1)]^-1 = textadj(A) ### Step 2: Determinant calculation of lambda B + I We need to find |lambda B + I| = |3textadj(A) + I|: Let P = 3textadj(A) + I. AP = 3Atextadj(A) + A = 3|A|I + A = -3I + A = A - 3I Taking determinants on both sides: |A| cdot |P| = |A - 3I| implies -|P| = |A - 3I| implies |P| = -|A - 3I| Let's calculate matrix A - 3I: A - 3I = beginbmatrix 0 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 2 & 6 \\ 7 & -1 & -1 endbmatrix textDet(A-3I) = 0 - 2(4(-1) - 42) + 3(-4 - 14) = -2(-46) + 3(-18) = 92 - 54 = 38 Thus: |P| = -38 Taking absolute value of determinant / magnitude: ||lambda B + I|| = 38 ### Pattern Recognition For products of adjoint matrices, always relate back to basic identity M \, textadj(M) = |M|I. Pre-multiplying by A or A^2 collapses long chains of adjoints instantly into standard scalar multiples. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Mathematics: Matrices and Determinants
Q jee_main_2025_07_april_morning Properties of Adjoint
Let A be a 3 times 3 matrix such that |operatornameadj(operatornameadj(operatornameadj A))| = 81. If S = left\n in mathbbZ : left(|operatornameadj(operatornameadj A)|right)^frac(n - 1)^22 = |A|^3n^2 - 5n - 4right\, then sum_n in S |A^n^2 + n| is equal to
  • A. 866
  • B. 750
  • C. 820
  • D. 732

Solution

### Related Formula For any n times n matrix A, the determinant properties of adjoints scale iteratively as follows: |textadj A| = |A|^n-1 |textadj(adj A)| = |A|^(n-1)^2 |textadj(adj(adj A))| = |A|^(n-1)^3 ### Core Logic Since A is a 3 times 3 matrix (n=3): |textadj(adj(adj A))| = |A|^(3-1)^3 = |A|^8 = 81 |A|^8 = 3^4 implies |A|^2 = 3 implies |A| = 3^1/2 = sqrt3 Now look at the power base for the equation: |textadj(adj A)| = |A|^(3-1)^2 = |A|^4. Substitute this into the matching requirement equation set: left(|A|^4right)^frac(n-1)^22 = |A|^3n^2 - 5n - 4 |A|^2(n-1)^2 = |A|^3n^2 - 5n - 4 Equating exponents since bases are identical: 2(n - 1)^2 = 3n^2 - 5n - 4 2(n^2 - 2n + 1) = 3n^2 - 5n - 4 2n^2 - 4n + 2 = 3n^2 - 5n - 4 n^2 - n - 6 = 0 ### Step 1: Solve for Exponent Parameter Factoring the quadratic parameter relation: (n - 3)(n + 2) = 0 implies n = 3 quad textor quad n = -2 Both choices are valid integers, so the set S = \-2, 3\. ### Step 2: Calculate the Target Summation We need to evaluate sum_nin S |A^n^2 + n| = |A^(-2)^2 + (-2)| + |A^(3)^2 + 3|: - For n = -2, n^2 + n = 4 - 2 = 2 implies |A^2| = |A|^2 = 3 - For n = 3, n^2 + n = 9 + 3 = 12 implies |A^12| = |A|^12 = (sqrt3)^12 = 3^6 = 729 Summing these evaluated values: textTotal = 3 + 729 = 732 ### Pattern Recognition Always remember that |A^k| = |A|^k. Calculating determinant transformations directly as scalar power factors first prevents rendering high order numerical values prematurely. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Mathematics: Matrices and Determinants
Q67 jee_main_2025_07_april_morning System of Linear Equations
Let the system of equations : 2 x + 3 y + 5 z = 9, 7 x + 3 y - 2 z = 8, 1 2 x + 3 y - (4 + lambda) z = 1 6 - mu , have infinitely many solutions. Then the radius of the circle centred at (lambda, mu) and touching the line 4 x = 3 y is
  • A. frac175
  • B. frac75
  • C. 7
  • D. frac215

Solution

### Related Formula For a system of three linear equations to possess infinitely many solutions, the main determinant Delta must equal 0, along with all auxiliary determinants: Delta_x = Delta_y = Delta_z = 0. The perpendicular radius distance from a point (x_0, y_0) to a line Ax + By + C = 0 is: d = frac|Ax_0 + By_0 + C|sqrtA^2 + B^2 ### Core Logic Set the coefficient matrix determinant Delta = 0: left| beginmatrix 2 & 3 & 5 \\ 7 & 3 & -2 \\ 12 & 3 & -(lambda + 4) endmatrix right| = 0 Expanding row layout variations or applying column actions yields: 2[-3(lambda + 4) + 6] - 3[-7(lambda + 4) + 24] + 5[21 - 36] = 0 -6lambda - 24 + 12 + 21lambda + 84 - 72 - 75 = 0 15lambda - 75 = 0 implies lambda = 5 ### Step 1: Solve for the Constant Parameter Using Cramer's condition for the infinite solution constraint, evaluate the structural augmented row columns component matrix Delta_y = 0: left| beginmatrix 2 & 9 & 5 \\ 7 & 8 & -2 \\ 12 & 16 - mu & -9 endmatrix right| = 0 Solving this configuration yields: mu = 9 Hence, the circle center is (lambda, mu) = (5, 9). ### Step 2: Calculate Radius via Distance The line is given as 4x - 3y = 0. Calculate the perpendicular distance from (5, 9) to this line: textRadius = frac|4(5) - 3(9)|sqrt4^2 + (-3)^2 = frac|20 - 27|5 = frac|-7|5 = frac75 ### Pattern Recognition Notice that since the y-coefficients are identical (3, 3, 3) across all lines, performing raw row subtractions (R_2 - R_1 and R_3 - R_2) strips away the y-variable instantly during structural matrix processing. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Mathematics: Matrices and Determinants Class 11 Mathematics: Straight Lines
Q74 jee_main_2025_07_april_morning Singular Matrices
The number of singular matrices of order 2, whose elements are from the set \2,3,6,9\ is
Numerical Answer. Answer: 36 to 36

Solution

### Related Formula A 2 times 2 matrix left[ beginmatrix a & d \\ b & c endmatrix right] is singular if its determinant equals 0: ad - bc = 0 implies ad = bc ### Core Logic Elements must be chosen from the set S = \2, 3, 6, 9\. We need to count all valid quadruplets (a, b, c, d) such that the product of the main diagonal equals the product of the off-diagonal. Let's analyze systematic product matching cases: - **Case 1**: Exactly 1 distinct number is used across all four slots. Example: 2 times 2 = 2 times 2. Since there are 4 distinct choices in S, this provides: textWays = ^4C_1 = 4 ### Step 1: Evaluate Multi Number Configurations - **Case 2**: Exactly 2 distinct numbers are used. The numbers must pair up to provide identical products (e.g., a=d and b=c). Choosing 2 numbers from 4: ^4C_2 = 6 pairs. Each pair can be arranged in 4 unique layouts (2 times 2 arrangements). textWays = 6 times 4 = 24 ### Step 2: Evaluate Four Distinct Element Sets - **Case 3**: Exactly 3 distinct numbers are used. None will satisfy the strict ad = bc zero determinant equality constraints without repeating products. textWays = 0 - **Case 4**: Exactly 4 distinct numbers are used. We need ad = bc using the entire set \2, 3, 6, 9\. Notice that 2 times 9 = 18 and 3 times 6 = 18. This forms a matching product combination pair. The number of unique matrices that can be built by assigning these elements to the diagonal slots is: textWays = 2 times 4 = 8 ### Step 3: Total Summation Sum the total count of valid singular configurations: textTotal Matrices = 4 + 24 + 0 + 8 = 36 ### Pattern Recognition Always break down element counting problems involving determinants into distinct number-repetition subsets (1 number repeated, 2 numbers repeated, etc.) to ensure no configuration is missed. ### Evaluation Rubric / Model Answer null ### Chapter Mix Class 12 Mathematics: Matrices and Determinants Class 11 Mathematics: Permutations and Combinations
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